Abstract is not available.

Lee, Shim, and Lee suggested the superiority of the signal flow graph (SFG) method over the modified simplex method in enhancing students' learning of goal programming (GP). The present study empirically investigated this claim by analyzing the effect of the SFG method of GP on students' learning. In the process, this study also developed an effective tool for measuring GP knowledge. The findings showed that students who learned the SFG method understood GP better and more easily than those who ...

In both quantitative and qualitative field studies, the self-efficacy of entrepreneurs in the transition economies of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan is examined. Using a social cognitive framework, the complex interaction among these entrepreneurs' (N=133) personal characteristics, environment, and self-efficacy is analyzed by structural equation modeling. Their self-efficacy was found to have a direct and mediating impact on performance. Another sample of entrepreneurs from these countries (N=239) q...

The Taxpayer Advocacy Panel (TAP) of the IRS is another way CPAs can serve their clients and all taxpayers, by listening to their concerns and recommending improvements to the Service. Some of the many measures the TAP has championed and seen adopted by the Service include the automatic sixmonth filing extension for income taxes and improvements to the Disaster Losses Kit of forms and publications needed by victims of disasters.

Communication Paper, June 1966

Summarizes the articles in this issue that were presented at 2005 University of South Australia confirence “What We Teach and How We Teach It: Perspectives on Economics from Around the Globe.”

The importance of increased levels of education in improving the status of women throughout the world is well established. Higher levels of education are associated with lower birth rates, higher incomes, and greater autonomy for women. Yet, women's struggle to have a voice in higher education has been fraught with difficulties in the US and worldwide, particularly in overcoming widely held perceptions that limit their entrance into certain academic fields, tenured positions, and elite universit...

Adjustment costs in a typical (s,S) pricing policy model are respecified so that price stability affects revenues rather than costs. The (s,S) pricing result holds even when menu costs are removed.

Co-authored by Brenda Eschenbrenner, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, and Keng Siau

Three-dimensional virtual world environments are providing new opportunities to develop engaging, interactive experiences in education. These virtual worlds are unique in that they allow individuals to interact with others through their avatars and with objects in the environment, and can create experiences that are not necessarily possible in the real world. To assess the impact that these virtual worlds are currently hav...

National Conference on Social Welfare
Review in Industrial and Labor Relatiosn Review, April 1987

This article presents an expert system designed to perform the task of bond rating for industrial companies. ArBor-I (articulate bond rater for industrial companies) has been developed using a production system in the environment of Common Lisp. In this article, the knowledge engineering processes involved in the development of ArBor-I are discussed. First, the nature of bond rating is explained from the viewpoint of professional bond raters. Experiential knowledge of bond raters rather than for...

Co-Authored by: Shaub, Mike

No Summary Available

The paper describes a Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tool to support conceptual database modelling.

Abstract is not available.

This paper presents the computational results of a new zero-one goal programming algorithm. These results are compared, based upon established criteria, to those obtained using the Lee and Morris algorithm. The applications found in the literature in which sufficient data existed were used as test data. The results of this study suggest that this new approach generates more solution alternatives, identifies better solutions, and takes less than 10% of the CPU time required by the Lee and Morris ...

Co-Authored By D. Wu

Vendor selection involves decisions balancing a number of conflicting criteria. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming approach capable of identifying non-dominated solutions, as well as assessing relative efficiency of dominated solutions. A simple multi-attribute utility function can be applied to a small set of alternatives, providing a tool to assess relative value, but is subject to error if estimated measures are not precise. This paper compar...

This research examines women's experiences of and responses to intimate partner violence using the perspective of the extended self From in-depth interviews with a demographically diverse group of women in the United States, the primary theme to emerge was that chronic abuse is experienced as the male partner's ongoing campaign to incorporate the abused woman into his extended self by appropriating or destroying the aspects of her that give her autonomy: The most important implication for agenci...

No Summary.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated model for manpower forecasting for the information security (IS) industry, one of the fastest growing IT-related industries. The proposed model incorporates three critical factors (feedback structure, time lags, and a flexible saturation point) in a system dynamics (SD) simulation frame. Design/methodology/approach – A simulation model using SD is developed for a dynamic manpower forecasting by decomposing complex processes of ma...

Co-authored with Davis, S., Dhenuvakonda, K.

This study investigates the alignment of e-business academic programs with the e-business job market. A fit-gap analysis was performed to identify where e-business programs are on target and the gaps that need to be filled by new e-business courses.

No Summary Available

No Summary.

Human blood is perishable. Therefore it must be systematically redistributed to hospital blood banks where it will have a high probability of transfusion. Ideally this redistribution, referred to as blood rotation, should be performed in such a manner as to minimze the outdating and improve the quality of blood while keeping the frequency of blood shortages and regional operating costs at reasonable levels. Priorities for attaining these multiple objectives are different in every blood region. C...

This paper considers the problem of scheduling multiple products on several different production lines (i.e. the n-job, m-machine scheduling problem) when multiple objectives exist. Specifically a goal programming model is developed and demonstrated via a case example. The production setting modelled in this paper includes three separate production lines that merge into a single inspection facility. Prior to the description and demonstration of the goal programming model, a brief overview of the...

The rapid rate of technological development and the growing complexity of society in recent years have brought renewed awareness of the importance of higher education. The rapid expansion of higher education, both in size and quality, re- quires systematic approaches and dynamic planning for efficient resource allocation on the part of the university administrators. This paper presents a goal program- ming model for an optimum allocation of resources in ani institution of higher learn- ing.

Decision environments involve high degrees of uncertainty as well as multiple, conflicting objectives. Often sampling information is available as a means of describing uncertainty. This description can be utilized in the form of chance constraints. Goal programming offers a means of considering multiple, conflicting objectives. A nonlinear goal programming algorithm is presented based upon the gradient method, utilizing an optimal step length for chance constrained goal programming models. The r...

This paper develops a gravity model of immigration. Tests of the model using panel data for 16 OECD countries for 1991–2000 confirm the model's high explanatory power, and examples illustrate its usefulness for testing other hypothesized determinants of immigration.

A large scale goal programming (GP) model-based decision support systems (DSS) is developed to support the formulation of a global financing strategy for a multinational corporation (MNC). The GP model-based DSS provides a major technological breakthrough by presenting a solution to the critical issues in global financial planning that is an improvement over existing approaches. The DSS allows the financial managers of an MNC to choose an appropriate global financing strategy to satisfy multiple...

Teacher education in economics is essential if high school students are to have an opportunity to learn economics. Teachers need to develop a solid understanding of economics through course work because students cannot be expected to learn what teachers do not know. In face, research in economics education at the high school level has found that the number of economics courses taken by teachers has a positive and consistently significant effect on the economic learning of students.

This study demonstrates the applicability of a quantitative modeling approach, specifically goal programming, in operationalizing the relationship between environmental variables and specific organizational structural variables for optimal goal attainment. A goal programming model is developed to analyze and determine the optimal relationships for goal attainment.

Co-Authored by: O'Conner, Thomas J.

No Summary Available

Co-Authored by: Yanhong Li and Desheng Wu

Production planning for flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) has been studied using different methods, including simulation; queuing networks; and several single-objective mathematical programming techniques. The decision making process for production planning in FMS usually involves multiple conflicting objectives. Thus, goal programming (GP) can be effectively applied to this decision problem. This study discusses the superior aspects of the GP model over other models, when solving the product...

Despite their commercial feasibility, many international projects have failed primarily because of poor financial planning. When formulating a project-financing strategy, financial managers of multinational corporations must consider a variety of conflicting objectives. The existence of conflicting goals makes the design of international project-financing strategies very difficult. A goal programming model is presented as an aid to financial managers for analysing trade-offs among financing goal...

The article focuses on a generalized goal programming (GP) model used to resolved a real-world human resource allocation problem involving allocating teachers to 22 private schools in Saint Louis, Missouri. The model provides a solution that balances cost minimization with preference goals of the teachers, administrators, and schools. One of the most commonly used multicriteria optimization techniques is GP. The GP approach allows additional relevant criteria to be considered. In addition to the...

The decomposition approach has attracted much attention, not only as a computational technique for large-scale management models but also as a systematic tool for analyzing organizational problems in decentralized organizations. In this paper, a multicriteria decomposition model is presented to deal with resource allocation problems in two-level, decentralized organizations by applying the Dantzig-Wolfe (1960) and the Lee-Rho (1979) algorithms. The model has the capability to deal with multiple ...

Regional economic planning presents a challenge to local government administrators and planners. One of the most difficult aspects of regional planning is the treatment of multiple and sometimes conflicting goals. This paper presents a multicriteria modeling approach for regional planning. More specifically, it presents goal programming models for a typical regional planning problem which involves multiple projects, revenue sources, and priorities for goals.

The warehouse location problem involves a firm's overall distribution requirements, transportation costs, fixed facility costs, and a number of other considerations. Multiple and conflicting objectives involved in the location decision have been well recognized. Yet their considerations have not been adequately addressed in analysis. This paper presents an integer goal programming model for a multicriteria warehouse location problem of a restaurant equipment distribution firm. This approach appe...

Application of systematic approaches and dynamic planning for efficient resources allocation in institutions of higher education has been quite prevalent the past fifteen years. However. most models developed for university management have focused upon the analysis of input (budget/resource) requirements. They have generally neglected the existing environment, unique institutional values, and bureaucratic decision structures. In this study, a large scale goal programming model is developed for a...

This paper presents a goal programming (GP) model-based multiple criteria decision support system (DSS) for global financial planning of a multinational corporation (MNC). The GP model-based DSS provides a major technological breakthrough for presenting solutions for the critical issues in global financial planning and provides substantial improvement over existing approaches. The strategic DSS allows the financial managers of an MNC to choose an appropriate global financing strategy to satisfic...

Co-Authored By: Vo Van Huy & Bongsug Chae

The papers included in this special issue of Decision Support Systems are drawn from the second annual pre-ICIS SIG DSS workshop. The papers describe the efforts of DSS researchers to push the boundaries of DSS research. The papers cover a range of topics but they have a common theme: providing decision support in increasingly complex decision-making situations. All of the papers are concerned with addressing a core characteristic of truly comple...

A multiple-objective decision model to structure tax-exempt serial revenue bonds is presented in this paper. Based on goals dealing with true interest cost, marketability, debt coverage, production, and level debt, we define a goal programming model to generate a maturity schedule and coupon rate assignment for a municipal bond issue. The model is designed to be a flexible interactive decision making tool to aid in the development of a minimal-risk, cost-effective issue.

This paper utilizes data reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Occupational Employment Survey (OES) to estimate relative cost-of-living (COL) indices for each state. Information Technology (IT) activity (as opposed to industry) is defined by employment in computer and math-related occupations (SOC 15). Occupational location quotients were calculated to identify the current distribution of IT. Money wages for these occupations were deflated by estimated state COL’s to obtain real wages. ...

This article examines the goal programming approach for simultaneous decision analysis in insurance companies. Goal programming is a unique derivative of linear programming. Goal programming is capable of dealing with decisions that involve a single goal with many sub-goals or a problem with multiple goals and multiple sub-goals. Unlike the linear programming method (which has an unidimensional objective function either maximize profits or minimize costs), the goal programming model handles mult...

Abstract is not available.

National Social Insurance Association of China, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, 1977

Presents the goal programming technique for production scheduling which is applicable for analysis of problems involving multiple goals. Basic concept of the goal programming technique; Three types of analysis which the technique performs; Primary requirement of the goal programming; Benefits of the programming for decision maker.

Chairing a doctoral committee involves an ethics-driven responsibility and is critical to the success of Ph.D. candidates. This paper discusses issues concerning what prospective Ph.D. students should expect from faculty who chair their doctoral committees. From a personal perspective the author provides a set of basic rights, structured as a bill of articles, which should be afforded doctoral students in pursuit of their degrees. These rights provide guidelines for doctoral candidates in select...

Co-authored by Keng Siau, Hong Sheng, Fiona Nah, and Sid Davis

Mobile commerce represents a significant development in e-commerce, offering accessibility, ubiquity, mobility, and localisation to users. Despite the potential of mobile commerce, trust is a major obstacle in its adoption and development. Many consumers feel uncomfortable with the idea of conducting commerce over wireless, hand-held devices. The focus of this research is to understand trust in mobile commerce and to identify fact...

Co-Authored By L. Najjar

Information is itself a product that customers and staff in any organization consume. Like any product the quality of information can be measured and compared in most industries. This paper presents an application of an information quality measuring methodology adapted and applied for the first time in the US banking industry. An empirical study is used to attest to the informational efficacy of the methodology. Results of the study reveal that the proposed methodolog...

Third Quarter

National Social Insurance Association of China, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, 1976

Co-Authored by: Shaub, M.

No Summary Available

Co-Author: Soper, John C.

Focuses on the economic literacy of United States high school students. Definition and measurement of economic literacy; Percent correct for economics course; Factors that have policy implications for economics.

The decomposition approach has received increasing attention in recent years not only as a computational technique for large-scale management models but also as a systematic tool for designing organizational structure and information systems in decentralized organizations. In this paper, a revised iterative algorithm is developed for multicriteria decomposition in an organization by utilizing goal programming. The algorithm not only has the capability of dealing with multicriteria decomposition ...

Unified modeling language (UML) is the standard modeling language for object-oriented system development. Despite its status as a standard, UML has a fuzzy formal specification and a weak theoretical foundation. Semiotics, the study of signs, provides a good theoretical foundation for UML research because graphical notations (or visual signs) of UML are subjected to the principles of signs. In our research, we use semiotics to study the effectiveness of graphical notations in UML. We hypothesiz...

Co-Authored By Paisittanand, S.

The use of Monte Carlo simulation for evaluation of financial risk of an information technology project selection decision is described. A major Thai bank considered the opportunity to expand credit card operations through information technology (IT). Alternatives considered were in-house development and outsourcing. There were many strategic reasons for the initiative. However, there were also many risks associated with the proposal. A Monte Carlo simulation ...

Discusses the relationship between effectiveness of futures contract hedging and investment horizon length. Minimum variance hedge; Decomposition model; Decomposition methodology and estimation; Comparison to regression analysis.

No Summary Available

Web users often face a long waiting time for downloading Web pages. Although various technologies and techniques have been implemented to alleviate the situation and to comfort the impatient users, little research has been done to assess what constitutes an acceptable and tolerable waiting time for Web users. This research reviews the literature on computer response time and users’ waiting time for download of Web pages, and assesses Web users’ tolerable waiting time in information retrieval. It...

A survey of specific DSS applications published between 1971 and April 1988 indicates the development of a wide variety of DSS applications in many different fields. Despite two decades of cooperative efforts by practitioners and theoreticians to develop specific DSSs, many goals in the DSS field remain unfulfilled. The critical issue is to implement a system that integrates organizational decision making vertically (among strategic, tactical, and operational levels) and horizontally (among many...

A survey of specific DSS applications published between 1971 and April 1988 indicates the development of a wide variety of DSS applications in many different fields. Despite two decades of cooperative efforts by practitioners and theoreticians to develop specific DSSs, many goals in the DSS field remain unfulfilled. The critical issue is to implement a system that integrates organizational decision making vertically (among strategic, tactical, and operational levels) and horizontally (among many...

A survey of specific DSS applications published between 1971 and April 1988 indicates the development of a wide variety of DSS applications in many different fields. Despite two decades of cooperative efforts by practitioners and theoreticians to develop specific DSSs, many goals in the DSS field remain unfulfilled. The critical issue is to implement a system that integrates organizational decision making vertically (among strategic, tactical, and operational levels) and horizontally (among many...

Co-authored with Southard, P.

This study surveyed two different segments of the U.S. retail banking industry to determine if differences existed between them in the utilization of online Web-based technologies, or e-banking. With the banking industry appearing to polarize into very large banking organizations and smaller community banks that serve niche markets, it is important to determine in what ways each group of banks is utilizing e-banking technology.

A mojor difficulty of query writing is that users do not fully understand queries.

The employment-real wage relationship is empirically studied using quarterly data of manufacturing sectors in seven industrialized countries. Contrary to conventional belief of a negative relationship between employment and real wages, I do not find any significant relationship, either negative or positive, in this time-series study. It is shown that lack of stability in the short-run labor demand function is the key explanation to the incoclusiveness of previous empirical studies.

Co-Authored By Wu, D.

he technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is a technique that can consider any number of measures, seeking to identify solutions close to an ideal and far from a nadir solution. TOPSIS has traditionally been applied in multiple criteria decision analysis. In this paper we propose an approach to develop a TOPSIS classifier. We demonstrate its use in credit scoring, providing a way to deal with large sets of data using machine learning. Da...

No Summary.

Co-Authored by: Hill, John W.

No Summary Available

The article is a paper presented at the second meeting, in November 1984, of Project IDEA (Interdisciplinary Dimenstions of Economic Anaylsis) held at Marson des Sciences de l'Home in Paris and jointly sponsered by the International Social Science Council and the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation.

The paper offers a new approach to the solution of zero-one goal-programming problems. The number of non-zero variables required to satisfy a constraint completely is used to identify the priority levels that can be completely achieved, and also determine redundant constraints and invariant decision-variables. The priority levels that are so identified form the basis for a subprogramme of completely achievable constraints. These constraints are aggregated to form a single constraint, and a set o...

Abstract is not available.

In this study, the authors examine the relationship between abusive supervision and employee workplace deviance. The authors conceptualize abusive supervision as a type of aggression. They use work on retaliation and direct and displaced aggression as a foundation for examining employees' reactions to abusive supervision. The authors predict abusive supervision will be related to supervisor-directed deviance, organizational deviance, and interpersonal deviance. Additionally, the authors examine ...

n/a

Co-Authored by: Balke, Thomas E.

No Summary Available

Co-Authored by: Jones, Michael

No Summary Available

Co-Author: Becker, William E.

Examines the achievement differences on multiple-choice and essay tests used to measure student understanding of economics in college courses. Data from the 1991 College Board's advanced placement (AP) examinations in microeconomics and macroeconomics; Correlations between multiple-choice and constructed-response sections of AP examinations.

No Summary Available

Co-Authored with: Hersch, Philip L.

This paper examines the determinants of a firm adding a woman to its board of directors. Using panel data for a sample of large publicly held firms for the years 1990-1999, we find that the probability of adding a woman to a board in a given year is inversely related to the number of woman directors already on the board. Further the probability of adding a woman is substantially increased whenever a woman departs the board relative to the departure of a ma...

Co-Authored By: D. Huang, Q. Cao, A. Sinha, C. Beard, L. Harn, and D. Medhi

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to find out: why some organizations adopt ICT later than the others, and whether organizations have different adoption strategies based on the type of ICT. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is an empirical study of the ICT diffusion process between the early and late adopters of relational database and local area network. Findings – The results of the study indicate that there are significant differences between early and late adoption organizations with...

New information technology is a core factor enabling innovation in knowledge management (KM). The purpose of this study is to analyze the limitations of current KM systems and to propose an approach for applying the Semantic Web to KM. We analyzed the factors that affect KM system user dissatisfaction through a survey. We found that inconvenience, search and integration were statistically significant limitation factors for system quality. On the other hand, incongruence and untrustworthiness of ...

Implementation of new technologies is a never-ending process that attempts to secure the best available tools to accomplish organizational goals. Previous studies on technology implementation discuss the technology adoption process and the multiple factors that are important for making this process successful. This study focuses on the adoption of web-based applications in the insurance industry. An in-depth investigation of relevant literature on the technology adoption process and data collect...

Co-Authored By C. Qing

Agent technology can be used in searching and selecting a good e-tourism system, However, most such systems focus mainly on price and avoid important purchasing decision-making factors such as quality and reputation. Here we define a reputation-based architecture for an e-tourism system that we have called 'reputation-based electronic tourism' (RET). An artificial neural network model was created for a reputation agent to evaluate capabilities for selecting products and...

Co-authored by Nadkarni. S.

This paper presents a systematic procedure to elicit and aggregate the knowledge of multiple individual experts and represent it in the form of an Aggregated Causal Map (ACM). This procedure differs from existing methods in two ways. First, unlike other methods, this method does not rely on group interaction in eliciting knowledge of multiple experts, and, therefore, is not fraught with biases associated with group dynamics. Second, this method uses both the idiogr...

While there are many claims for the successful use of extreme programming (XP) and agile modeling (AM), and the proponents can often be vocal in the extreme regarding their supposed benefits, research evidence supporting proponents‘ claims is somewhat lacking. Currently, the only research appearing to investigate the phenomena consists of two prominent streams. A small number of case studies and experience reports that generally promote the success of XP in various development environments, and...

Co-Authored By Q.Cao

Many corporate executives are convinced that today's e-commerce operations require a fundamental review of business strategy. Operations management researchers also call for substantiating operations strategy research to an e-commerce environment. However, no empirical research has explored information systems strategic issues using operations strategy theory. Drawing on both operations strategy and the information systems strategy literature, this exploratory research pr...

This study discusses relative advantages and disadvantages of internally operated ERP- and
ASP-delivered ERP functionality, and present the possible future of these alternatives.

Purpose – To discuss relative advantages and disadvantages of internally operated ERP- and ASP-delivered ERP functionality, and present the possible future of these alternatives. Design/methodology/approach – A thorough review of recent published papers dealing with advantages and disadvantages of ERP and ASP is presented. A good balance of theoretical analysis and real-world application examples of ERP and ASP is maintained. Some of the disadvantages were discussed from the managerial perspecti...

Contributing author

Institutions of higher learning are growing increasingly interested in the use of model based approaches to their resource allocation problems. Recent modeling approaches, however, have failed to consider that resource allocation planning is not a well-structured decision process. Additionally, many decision makers are necessarily involved in the academic planning process and may assume dissimilar perspectives on the importance of achieving different goals and objectives. Furthermore, satisfacto...

The growth and increasing complexity of municipal governments have been phenomenal in recent years. Thus, economic planning of the municipality has become one of the most difficult administrative functions of local government officials. Yet economic systems analysis of cities has been generally neglected by economists and management scientists. This paper presents a methodology for the effective long-range economic planning of a municipal government. More specifically, it applies the goal progra...

No Summary.

This study evaluates the current state of electronic commerce (EC) research by focusing on its diversity. The authors examined 846 EC articles published in six EC specialty journals, 196 in four major IS journals, and 61 in four major marketing journals over the 10 years from 1996 to 2005. The EC specialty and major IS journals show a trend toward multidisciplinary authorship. All three groups of journals display an increasing level of interest in consumer-related issues. The IS and marketing jo...

Abstract is not available.

With Emil Meurer, Jr., December 1975

Co-Authored by: LeClere, Marc

No Summary Available

Co-Authored by: Kinney, Michael

Many studies have documented a lower income tax burden for U.S. operations of foreign companies relative to other U.S. firms. Explanations offered or this circumstance include transfer pricing manipulations, differences in ownership
concentration/control between foreign and domestic
firms, real differences in operating costs (such as those related to agency issues) between domestic and foreign firms, differences in competitive strategies, and differences in ...

July 1976

Rebuttal paper, April 1977

Spring 1962

No Summary.

Recently, employees' identification with the organization has been recognized as an important factor for understanding work behavior. This study analyzes the determination and correlates of scientists' organizational identification. The author finds important determinants of the organizational identification as well as certain differences in personal and job variables, job attitudes, and motivation between scientists with high organizational identification and those with low organizational ident...

Co-Author: Lamphear, Charles F.
Evaluates an empirical deterministic model of industrial location. Determination of location patterns; Estimation of interregional commodity flows; Formulation of standard regional input-output structural equation.

Co-authored with Lee Dunham

Actuaries manage risk, and asset price volatility is the most fundamental parameter in models of risk management. This study utilizes recent advances in econometric theory to decompose total asset price volatility into a smooth, continuous component and a discrete (jump) component. We analyze a data set that consists of high-frequency tick-by-tick data for all stocks in the S&P 100 Index, as well as similar futures contract data on three U.S. equity indexes a...

This paper integrates Prospect Theory and the concept of framing in a study of consumer negotiated pricing in a real estate context. Building on previously conducted experimental designs, a field survey indicated that home sellers using sales price as a reference point display greater willingness to make concessions than those who use equity as their reference point. Further, the third-party influence of the realtor was shown to alter Prospect Theory predictions so that even equity-based sellers...

With the advent of powerful microcomputers and software, end-user computing has become an important competitive weapon for organizations. However, little is known about what factors should be considered in designing end-user training programs. This empirical study investigates the factors that are essential for successful end-user training. The study results indicate both the importance of end-user information system (IS) acceptance and the strong relationships among end-user IS acceptance, end-...

Recent laboratory experiments have shown a strong tendency that database users can perform better at the conceptual level than at the logical level.

In a multi-period game, industry excess capacity may act to deter firms from cheating on a non-cooperative oligopoly price. A model is developed that translates the deterrrent influence of excess capacity into predictions about the relationship between excess capacity and oligopoly price-cost margins. The model is tested with time-series data from the U.S. aluminum industry. Results are consistent with those predicted by the model.

During the past two decades, Japan has emerged as the second economic power of the world. Japan's success has prompted many scholars and practitioners to turn their attention to Japanese management practices. The just-in-time (JIT) production system has been the primary focus of research. However, one major area of JIT which has not been thoroughly studied is the relationship between the customer and the producer. This study explores the concept and practices of enlarged JIT, which involves cust...

The borderless global economy has accentuated the importance of knowledge as the most critical source of competitive advantage. Thus, knowledge management (KM) has become a strategic mandate for most world-class organizations. A key enabler for implementing an effective KM system is advanced information technology (IT). Strategies for developing an enterprise-wide KM system infrastructure with embedded IT are discussed. In particular, this paper discusses the concept of a KM life cycle – knowled...

No Summary Available

The ability of employees to interact cooperatively and collaboratively is the fulcrum of competitive advantage for organizations operating in pluralistic environments. Contact theory suggests several conditions under which effective interpersonal relationships across racial, ethnic, and cultural groups may occur. Research examining the contact hypothesis has been mixed. The explanation of this inconsistency in the research generally centers on procedural rather than cognitive aspects of the inte...

Co-authored by Hong Sheng, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, and Keng Siau

Ubiquitous commerce (u-commerce) represents “anytime, anywhere” commerce. U-commerce can provide a high level of personalization, which can bring significant benefits to customers. However, privacy is a major concern to customers and an obstacle to the adoption of u-commerce. This research examines how personalization and context can impact customers’ privacy concerns as well as intention to adopt u-commerce applications. As u-comme...

This paper introduces an interactive approach for solving multiobjective decision making (MODM) problems based on linguistic preferences and architecture of a fuzzy expert system. The aim of this paper is to consider the decision maker's (DMs) preferences in determining the priorities and aspiration levels, in addition to analysis of conflict among the goals. The main concept presented in this paper is to convert the MODM problem into its equivalent goal programming (GP) problem by appropriately...

The purpose of this paper is to determine which two dimensions of music, happy/sad or liked/disliked, have significant effects on shopping intentions, thereby providing guidance for decision-makers in service environments. Design/methodology/approach – Subjects viewed videotapes of an unfamiliar store in an experimental research design. Subjects were exposed to one of several musical treatments while viewing and were asked to speak their thoughts about the store aloud. Happy/sad musical treatmen...

Research on decision support systems (DSS)/executive information systems (EIS) has been primarily concerned with the behavioral aspect of managerial work and has largely ignored the cognitive aspect of decision support. Rather than focusing on the manager's information need on “critical success factors” and the need for supporting specific decision making, this research emphasizes the need to support the decision maker's general thinking processes to reduce cognitive biases in decision making. T...

The cultural similarity hypothesis posits that differences between the home and host cultures for sojourners will relate directly to their difficulties adapting to the host culture. The personal fit perspective suggests that the individual's idiosyncratic response to the cultural environment determines successful cultural adaptation. Two studies of expatriates were conducted to investigate the role of cultural similarity and personal fit in the adaptation process. The findings suggest that it is...

Also Co-Authored by: Rosacker, K.R.

Globalization and digitalization have led to the need for a different view of international business. Computer technology, especially in the form of enterprise systems, presents the opportunity to apply best (or at least better) practices. Twentieth century enterprise systems were focused on internal optimization. Twenty first century enterprise systems need to be much more open, and to focus on the demand chain, driven by serving customers better.
To...

Purpose – Globalization and digitalization have led to the need for a different view of international business. Computer technology, especially in the form of enterprise systems, presents the opportunity to apply best (or at least better) practices. Twentieth century enterprise systems were focused on internal optimization. Twenty-first century enterprise systems need to be much more open, and to focus on the demand chain, driven by serving customers better. To better fulfill this need, this pap...

In spite of continuous organizational efforts and investments, computer abuse shows no sign of decline. According to social control theory (SCT), “organizational trust” can help prevent it by enhancing insiders’ involvement in computer abuse. The aim of our study was to develop a new integrative model for analyzing computer abuse through assessing the role of Self Defense Intention (SDI) and Induction Control Intention (ICI). The results show that deterrence factors influence SDI and organizatio...

Abstract is not

The relationship between ad memory and context involvement has been investigated mainly in the contexts of TV and magazine advertising. Little research has been conducted to examine this relationship in newspaper advertising. The relationship is found to be negative in magazine advertising. Based on the theory of automatic vs. strategic processing, however, this study hypothesizes in newspaper advertising that article readership (a measure of context involvement) positively affects ad memory. An...

Despite the huge investments by organizations in ERP implementation, maintenance, and user training, ERP implementation failures and less-than-satisfactory productivity improvements are common. End-users’ reluctance or unwillingness to adopt or use the newly implemented ERP system is often cited as one of the main reasons for ERP failures. To examine factors leading to the lack of end-user acceptance of ERP systems, we reviewed the literature on user adoption of IT in mandatory contexts, develop...

The focus of this paper is to provide practical guidelines for designing service scheduling support systems based on the Object-Orientation Approach (OOA). The advantages of OOA include providing greater flexibility to the process of system design and implementation, simplifying the decision making process and empowering decision-makers at the operational level. The application domain of this paper is healthcare where patient scheduling has always been a major challenge due to the high degree of...

Also Co-Authored by: Jares, Timothy E. and Larsen, James E.

This article presents an alternative system for selling real estate. It overcomes the well-known deficiencies of the percentage commission system. In our system, the agent purchases the property from the seller and simultaneously receives a put option. The put option gives the agent the right to put the property back to the original owner. It is shown that this system has many of the desirable properties of a dealer system, while av...

This paper presents the formulation of a goal programming model for analysis of the transshipment problem, where multiple conflicting objectives must be considered. Included are the general G. P. model for the transshipment problem, and a representative application of goal programming to such a problem. Analysis and interpretation of the G.P. solution to the problem is presented.

Abstract is not available

Evaluate the efficiency of the financial assurance plan in the license application submitted by the American Ecology Corporation (AEC) to site, design, and build a new technology facility near Boyd County, Nebraska for the disposal of low-level radioactive wastes (LLRW).

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems have revolutionized the way companies are using information technology in their businesses. ERP was created in an effort to streamline business processes and has proven to be successful in many operations. Unfortunately, not all ERP implementations have met expectations. One way that businesses may be able to increase success rates is to embrace creativity and innovation in their ERP implementations. For businesses to do this, they must first understan...

Via a content analysis of 1398 advertisements that include both people and pets and that appeared in women's magazines over a period of four decades, this study examines the changing roles played by companion animals and the changes in themes used in these advertisements. Considering both the pictures and text, the study codes advertisements for themes, pet roles, whether or not the pet appears on a leash, and the physical location of the pet. These data show the movement of companion animals fr...

Co-Authored by: Al-Darayseh, Musa

No Summary Available

The authors use the theoretical notion of anomie to examine the impact of top management's control mechanisms on the environment of the marketing function. Based on a literature review and in-depth field interviews with marketing managers in diverse industries, a conceptual model is proposed that incorporates the two managerial control mechanisms, viz. output and process control, and relates their distinctive influence to anomie in the marketing function. Three contingency variables, i.e., resou...

Co-Author: Roy, Atrayee Ghosh

No Summary

Authors: Marko Grunahgen and Robert Mittelstaedt
This article examines the recent emergence of multi-unit franchising from the franchisee perspective. It provides a conceptual comparison of two prevalent domestic types of multi-unit franchising: area development and sequential multi-unit franchising. The suggestions provided in this paper focus on the philosophical distinction of these two categories of aspiring franchise owners, suggesting that a prospective franchisee's decision for a particu...

Co-authored with Lee, L.

Despite the status of united modeling language(UML) as the de facto standard for object oriented modeling, it has received controversial reviews. The most controversial diagram in UML is the use case diagram. Some practitioners claim that use case diagrams are not valuable in requirements analysis and some have even argued that use case diagrams should not be part of UML. This research examined the values of use case diagram in interpreting requirements when use case...

Purpose – This paper seeks to understand effects of ASP utilization on organization performance measured in terms of satisfaction and educational effectiveness on the part of the customer firm. Design/methodology/approach – This study follows the positivist approach. After a research framework was developed and hypotheses defined, based on a thorough ASP literature review, data were collected from small firms which use ASP services. Results were discussed to suggest strategic directions of ASPs....

The City of Philadelphia adopted an ambitious broadband internet plan to provide the city with comprehensive wireless coverage. The decision to adopt this project involved a tradeoff between the benefit of high-speed service to all residents and cost of the project. The project represents breaking a relatively new ground, with few experiences of other government agencies to rely upon for guidance. This paper suggests the use of system dynamics modelling as a means to assess project risk and the ...

Co-authored with Fruhling, A.

This research uses the qualitative approach to study the innovative capability of two organizations and the effect of innovation on their E-Commerce initiatives, strategics, and outcomes. The Innovation Strategy Model is used in this research to analyze the innovative capability of two organizations. The case study research methodology was selected and two case studies are presented. The research results show that one organization is more innovative than the oth...

Co-Author: Rebeck, Ken

This study investigates public knowledge of basic economics and public opinion on economic issues. The primary data sources are five national surveys, administered from 1992 to 1999, which contain a rich set of questions to conduct multiple tests and comparisons of the factors that affect economic knowledge and public opinion. As a whole, the results offer significantly stronger evidence of factors that influence knowledge and opinion than is possible from a study of a...

Co-Author: Rebeck, Ken

No Summary

This paper presents an autoregressive fractionally integrated moving-average (ARFIMA) model of nominal exchange rates and compares its forecasting capability with the monetary structural models and the random walk model. Monthly observations are used for Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United Kingdom for the period of April 1973 through December 1998. The estimation method is Sowell's (1992) exact maximum likelihood estimation. The forecasting accuracy of the long-memory model is f...

Authors: Robert E. Stassen; John D. Mittelstaedt; and Robert A. Mittelstaedt.
The majority of households divide their grocery shopping between 2 or more stores each week. This paper examines the merchandising factors affecting the sharing of customers between stores through a pairwise analysis of their assortment overlap, price differentiation, and interstore distance. Results from a study of a market of 27 stores show that assortment overlap and interstore differences are determinants of share...

No Summary.

Not Available at this time.
Co-Authored by: Gardner, William

A missing element in discussions of ethical leadership is, what happens to enforcement of ethics if it is the managers who are behaving unethically? In this article we address this question by describing a framework of upward ethical leadership. This framework expands conceptualizations of leadership beyond top-down models to a view that considers employees to be active participants in the leadership process. Upward ethical leadership is defined as leadership behavior displayed by individuals wh...

Abstract is not available.

Co-authored with Shen, Z.

Gaining customer trust in mobile commerce, which uses radio-based wireless devices to conduct business transactions over the Web-based e-commerce system, is a particularly daunting task because of its unique features. Whereas mobile devices are terrifically convenient for anytime shopping, their small screens, low-resolution displays, and tiny multifunction keypads make developing user friendly interfaces and graphical applications a challenge. Mobile handsets are al...

Consumer vulnerability is a sometimes misunderstood or misused concept that is equated erroneously with demographic characteristics, stigmatization, consumer protection, unmet needs, discrimination, or disadvantage. This article seeks to clarify the boundaries for what is and what is not consumer vulnerability. By explicating the key themes of consumer vulnerability from previous studies in the consumer research and marketing literatures, the authors build a definition and model to explain that ...

Co-Authored by: Froelich, J., Ananyan, S.

Text mining provides a valuable tool to extract organizational knowledge from written descriptions (prose) in digitized form. Many organizations have large amounts of data of this type form, usually to the point that needles of knowledge cannot be found in the haystack of words. Text mining software provides the capability of pattern identification, visualization support to aid pattern identification, modeling support to identify or confirm relati...

No Summary.

Although much attention has been devoted to understanding employee resistance to change, relatively little research examines the impact that positive employees can have on organizational change. To help fill this need, the authors investigate whether a process of employees' positivity will have an impact on relevant attitudes and behaviors. Specifically, this study surveyed 132 employees from a broad cross-section of organizations and jobs and found: (a) Their psychological capital (a core facto...

Co-Authored by: Gardner, William

Summary not available at this time.

This paper formalizes goal programming [1] to the problem of capital budgeting and investment planning under capital rationing. The purpose is to prescribe a systematic approach to such problems, and to develop relatively generalized procedures and model formulations for adoption by financial planners.

This paper provides an overview of the forms of taxation that are applied to casinos by state and local governments, and analyzes those taxes and fees from a policy perspective. First, the paper contains a comprehensive review of the taxes and fees applied to commercial casinos in the 11 states where casinos are legal. The two most common forms of taxation include a tax on the net amount gambled (AGR, adjusted gross receipts, or gross receipts minus prizes paid) and admission taxes charged on ri...

No Summary Available

The purpose of this paper is to place grudge-holding as a theoretical construct, measure it, and empirically place it in a nomological net and, additionally to discuss the consequences of grudge-holding in this research. Design/methodology/approach - A 2 × 2 scenario-based experiment was performed using 320 subjects, approximately 80 people per condition. The size of the exit barrier (high/low) and the effectiveness of the service recovery (good/poor) were varied between each scenario to de...

Co-Authored with: Gordon V. Karels and Christine A. McClatchey

An interesting issue little explored in the celebrity endorsement literature is whether or not the activities of a celebrity endorser affect company performance. We examine the impact of Tiger Woods’ tournament performance on the endorsing firm’s value subsequent to the contract signing. We do not find a relationship between Tiger’s tournament placement and the excess returns of Fortune Brands (parent of Titleist). This is like...

Co-Authored by: Meyer, John

No Summary Available

Problems of material size variance and existence of multiple and sometimes conflicting managerial objectives in asphaltic aggregate mixing are considered. A chance constrained goal programming model is presented which seeks satisfaction of cost minimization as well as other goals. The model considered in this study demonstrates the added cost of satisfying gradation specifications at a given confidence level. While added cost is undesirable, the probabilistic solution will accomplish aggregate b...

Co-Authored by: Bryan, B.

No Summary Available

Co-authored by Faja, S. and Cata, T.

A multiple case study approach was employed to identify maintenance activities pertaining to enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation, classify them into maintenance categories, and assess their relative frequency at various stages of the ERP maintenance lifecycle. Five maintenance categories (corrective, adaptive, perfective, preventive, user support) were identified from a review of the literature on software maintenance. A new category pertaini...

Warm-glow utiltiy mitigates concerns that public giving crowds-out private giving dollar-for-dollar. Warm glow also means that utility is decreasing in the giving of others, ceteris paribus, and the willingness to pay for altruism is smaller (at the margin) if altruistic households have a posivitive willingness to pay for warm glow. Consequently, a marginal redistribution of income that passes the Pareto test may fail the test if altruistic households receive warm glow. Numerical evaluation show...

Co-Authored By F. Zhao

Enterprise resource planning systems have required significant upgrades in the 21st century as many of the systems obtained prior to 2000 have become outdated due to vendor changes. SAP and Oracle have emerged as dominant vendors, and SAP has announced discontinuance of support in the future for its primary R/3 system. This study reports interviews with the chief information officers (CIOs) of 15 institutions that have undergone (or are undergoing) enterprise system upg...

This study combines the problem orientation of instrumentalism and the systems analysis of circular and cumulative causation (CCC) through the utilization of a social fabric matrix (SFM) and network digraph. The SFM is utilized to articulate part of the Nebraska State system used to distribute state funds among local K-12 public schools. The empirical content is used to derive conceptual conclusions about CCC and to make comments about a controversy regarding agents, institutions, and new rule d...

No Summary Available

Co-authored with Wang, Y.

In the field of information system engineering, information modeling method is a technique to capture user requirements and to understand system complexity. The importance of information modeling has been recognized by practitioners and researchers, but little has been explored to analyze the available information modeling methods or to evaluate them in terms of their strengths, weaknesses, and effectiveness. This research analyzes six information-modeling methods: u...

Co-authored with Tan, X.

In this paper, we first develop a framework of user-database interaction. Based on this framework, we then provide a discussion about how notable human factors influence various dimensions of user-database interaction. Following that, we propose using cognitive mapping techniques to overcome some cognitive and behavioral biases during user-database interaction. Three popular cognitive mapping techniques – causal mapping, semantic mapping, and concept mapping – are int...

Multivariate cointegration is used to generate the long-run forecast of the dollar/DM exchange rate. It is shown that while the random walk model outperforms the monetary structural models in the short run, the latter, based on the error-correction model, outperform the former in the long run.

GASP IV provides an alternative to the several better known and often used simulation languages such as GPSS, SIMSCRIPT, and DYNAMO. Whereas GPSS and SIMSCRIPT are discrete change languages and DYNAMO is a continuous change simulator, ? GASP IV has the unique capability to perform a combination of both discrete and continuous change in the same simulation. Thus, one may perform the more traditional discrete simulation of business problems such as queueing, inventory, production, etc., or the `Fo...

No Summary

No summary available.

Just-In-Time (JIT) purchasing has received an increasing amount of attention in the operations management literature. Today, a growing number of US firms have switched to the Japanese JIT purchasing concept in an effort to improve their product quality and productivity. This article discusses the major activities of JIT purchasing and provides a comparative analysis of differences between the JIT purchasing and traditional US purchasing systems. Furthermore, the reasons behind these major differ...

Co-Authored By: M. Parast, M. Nabavi, S. S. Rao, and T. S. Raghu-Nathan

The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) criteria are recognized throughout the world as a guide to the improvement of the quality of manufactured goods and services. An empirical study of more than 500 firms in India, Mexico, and the United States sampled quality manager perceptions on quality management practices based on MBNQA criteria. Results of the study reveal similarities and differences in perceptions ...

Shepetukha, Y, Co-Author

This paper compares multiattribute decision analysis under conditions of partial information and ordinal input. Difficult decisions based on partial information usually are dealt with through obtaining more precise input information. The purpose of this paper is to present a technique for systematically exploring the entire region within weight bounds established by ordinal input data. The center of mass of the product of weights and utilities is used. Some cons...

Wireless broadband service has grown rapidly, with many local governments considering alternatives for providing such a service to their communities in order to make them more attractive to new businesses and tourists. The alternatives range from an unrestricted free market (with mixed service quality and coverage) to city- or community-sponsored service, which provides better control. The evaluation of such proposals is problematic due to the newness of the concept, which limits traditional cos...

We investigated the incidence and nature of integrated marketing communications (IMC) evident in the advertising of products over time and across product classifications for services versus physical goods. Our goal was to shed light on the use of IMC in practice vis-á-vis its theoretical relevance in the advertising and business literature. Using a framework by Nowak and Phelps (1994), we examined IMC utilization by service organizations and physical goods manufacturers at the tactical (adv...

Co-Authored by: Yang, K.H. and Kim, J.
To be published

The aim of this paper is to compare first order predicate logic and fuzzy logic as knowledge representation methods. First, we define the five properties of the knowledge; conceptualization, transfer, modification, compromise and decomposition. We also evaluate first order predicate logic (FOPL) and fuzzy logic for the above properties, in the view of accuracy and complexity. We then prove that the complexities of both methods are NP-co...

No Summary.

To Be Published

TOPSIS is a multiple criteria method to identify solutions from a finite set of alternatives based upon simultaneous minimization of distance from an ideal point and maximization of distance from a nadir point. TOPSIS can incorporate relative weights of criterion importance. This paper reviews several applications of TOPSIS using different weighting schemes and different distance metrics, and compares results of different sets of weights applied to a previously used set of m...

Leadership models of the last century have been products of top-down, bureaucratic paradigms. These models are eminently effective for an economy premised on physical production but are not well-suited for a more knowledge-oriented economy. Complexity science suggests a different paradigm for leadership—one that frames leadership as a complex interactive dynamic from which adaptive outcomes (e.g., learning, innovation, and adaptability) emerge. This article draws from complexity science to devel...

Component-based software development (CBD) is a potential breakthrough for software engineering. Unified Modeling Language (UML) can potentially facilitate CBD design and modeling. Although many research projects concentrate on the conceptual interrelation of UML and CBD, few incorporate actual component frameworks into the discussion, which is critical for real-world software system design and modeling. This paper reviews component-based development, including the use of UML for modeling CBD. ...

Presents the modified Kornai-Liptak (KL, 1965) decomposition algorithm which is proven to show a fast and monotonic convergence, and compares its computational efficiency to that of the Dantzig-Wolfe (DW, 1960) algorithm, as these are the two basic decomposition algorithms. It is shown that the modified KL algorithm is quite efficient, due to its primal feasibility, when compared to the DW algorithm for the purpose of getting a `well-defined approximation'. This fact is especially important for ...

The trend toward centralization of computer facilities appears to have been reversed with recent substantial decreases in hardware costs. Nevertheless, this trend is often fought vigorously by firmly entrenched centralized computer departments. This paper presents an application of goal programming to the multiple conflicting objectives of proponents and opponents of decentralization. The model analyzes the effect of a decision to decentralize on revenue to the central facility, the impact on st...

Roy, Atrayee Ghosh Co-Author

The Suites Index is often used in tax policy analysis to measure the degree of progressivity of a tax, or to analyze changes in progressivity under alternative tax regimes. As a point estimator, however, the Index provides researchers with no assistance in assessing whether changes are in fact statistically significant. We present a bootstrap methodology by which researchers can estimate confidence intervals for differences in Suits Indices. We also illustrate the...

with Joseph Haley

Today we are witnessing an increasing popularity of the online used product market. While customer behavior has been studied extensively, that for the used product market is still not well explored. Attracting potential customers in the initial stage of unknown online stores in the used product market is critical and also a practical issue to the retailers. Based on the literature on the role of trust in the electronic market, we develop hypotheses regarding the meditating effect of two differen...

No Summary Available

No Summary Available

We find an overall process of income convergence across all sub-state labor markets (commuting zones) in the lower 48 U.S. states during the 1969-1999 period. However, this overall process is not expressed in a uniform way across metropolitan/non-metropolitan commuting zones, across time periods, or across Census regions. We find evidence that downward mobility within the distribution is more common than upward mobility during the 1969-1999 period for metropolitan commuting zones, in contrast to...

A perennial topic in industrial economics is collusion. Kwoka and Ravenscraft (1986) developed a model to measure the collusiveness of conjectures across industries as a function of intra-industry rivalry among leading firms. But extensive literature suggests that the degree of collusion may also depend upon underlying market characteristics. We modify the Kwoka and Ravenscraft model to account for this. Our results suggest that underlying market characteristics do matter. Intra-industry rivalry...

Thailand, even after the financial crisis of 1997, was facing the problem of long run competitiveness. Therefore, to succeed in the global marketplace, Thai enterprises must learn how to innovate and develop new businesses to be better and faster than their competitors. Corporate entrepreneurship (CE) is recognized as a potentially viable means for promoting and sustaining corporate competitiveness in the long-term. However, since limited research exists concerning CE in developing countries, th...

November 1979

Co-authored with Katerattanakul, P.

This study identifies the critical attributes affecting the image formation of virtual stores on the Web. For potential management applications, the study focuses upon the designs and features of virtual stores that are feasible to attain and revise. When these designs and features are measured as unfavorable, then managerial action needs to be taken to rectify these design and feature flaws. The important designs and features affecting virtual store image ...

No summary available.

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems have emerged as the core of successful information management and the enterprise backbone of organizations. The difficulties of ERP implementations have been widely cited in the literature but research on the critical factors for initial and ongoing ERP implementation success is rare and fragmented. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, 11 factors were found to be critical to ERP implementation success: ERP teamwork and composition; change m...

The central objective of this paper is to address the viability of a nominal exchange rate as an effective tool to stabilize inflation in an open small economy like Lebanon. I am interested in addressing the stabilization policy in Lebanon and to what extent the reliance on fixed exchange rates stabilizes inflation. I use time series analysis to address short-term relationship between inflation differential and nominal exchange rate and I use cointegration analysis to address the long-term rel...

The present study focuses on the relationships between entrepreneurial characteristics (achievement orientation, risk taking propensity, locus of control, and networking), e-service business factors (reliability, responsiveness, ease of use, and self-service), governmental support, and the success of e-commerce entrepreneurs. Results confirm that the achievement orientation and locus of control of founders and business emphasis on reliability and ease of use functions of e-service quality are po...

Co-authored by Delgado, S.

Seven categories of critical success factors were identified from the ERP literature: (1) business plan and vision; (2) change management; (3) communication; (4) ERP team composition, skills and compensation; (5) management support and championship; (6) project management; (7) system analysis, selection and technical implementation. We conducted a case study of two organizations that had implemented and upgraded ERP systems. We adopted Markus and Tanis' four-phase m...

This study focused on the adoption of Web-based applications in the insurance industry. An in-depth investigation of relevant literature on the technology adoption process and related issues, and the data collected from auto and life insurance companies identified several factors that affect e-insurance performance (in terms of both tangible and intangible benefits). Web site availability, organizational support, customer pressure, degree of business integration, an e-business plan, organization...

No Summary.

Based on Lumpkin and Dess’s conceptualization of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), this paper presents a cultural model of entrepreneurship. We propose that a society’s propensity to generate autonomous, risk-taking, innovative, competitively aggressive and proactive entrepreneurs and firms will depend on its cultural foundation. The role of economic, political/legal, and social factors as moderators of the relationship between culture and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) are also considered. Ov...

Based on the existing research and industry reports on e-government, the categorization scheme of existing e-government practices is discussed. The article present a cross-nation comparison of current e-government practices among the leading countries, particularly the United States, the European Union, and some advanced ICT countries in Asia.

The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the process and implications of customer branding of commodity products. Customer branding is defined by the authors as a process in which a customer or customers define, label and seek to purchase an otherwise undifferentiated or unbranded product. The customer(s) can be anywhere along the value chain and may be intermediate, industrial or end-user customers. There are many historical examples of customer branding (which sometimes turned into...

Forthcoming

Co-Author: Becker, William E.

When estimating regression models of educational achievement with pre- and posttest data, researchers have overlooked a sample selection bias that may occur even where initial assignment to the control and experimental groups is random. The bias arises because students who take the pretest but do not take the posttest are excluded from the regression analysis. Using data from a nationally normed test of high school student knowledge of economics, adjustment for ...

Co-Authored By: D. Wu and Z.Y. Dong

Multiattribute decision making has progressed in a variety of directions throughout the world. Most models are deterministic, to include multiattribute utility theoryand AHP. Outranking methods from various schools also support deterministic inputs, although methods such as ELECTRE and PROMETHEE have always supported fuzzy input for alternative performances on attributes. We addresses the use of Monte Carlo simulation to this model to reflect uncertainty as...

Data mining applies traditional statistical tools as well as artificial intelligence algorithms to the analysis of large datasets. Data mining has proven very effective in many fields, including business. This paper reviews applications of data mining relevant to the service industry, and demonstrates primary business functions and data mining methods. Typical industry data mining process is described, analytic tools are reviewed, and major software tools noted.

Co-Authored by Galanxhi, H.

The use of anthropomorphic avatars provides Internet users the opportunity and freedom to manipulate their identity. As cyberspace becomes a haven for deceptive behavior, human–computer interaction research will need to be carried out to study and understand these deceptive behaviors. The objective of this research is to investigate the behavior of deceivers and non-deceivers (or truth-tellers) in the cyberspace environment. We examine if the intention to deceive o...

Abstract is not available.

In recent years, decision making based on systematic analysis has been greatly emphasized. Yet, decision analysis is often carried out without analyzing the limitations of certain quantitative techniques. This paper presents the concept, solution method, and application potential of goal programming which eliminates many limitations of conventional linear optimization models.

A table is shown that can be substituted for Table 1 of the author's article "Decision Analysis Through Goal Programming," which appeared in Volume 2, Number 2, of "Decision Sciences." Readers should be able to follow the solution to the example problem much more easily using the table. The table illustrates the solution of a goal programming problem using the simplex method.

Abstract is not available

This paper provides a survey of the literature on the application of decision support systems (DSS) from 1971 through April 1988. A total of 203 DSS applications articles are compiled and classified according to 16 different application areas. This survey also identified the top 15 American and European journals that have published DSS application articles as well as annual count of those articles over the last 18 years.

This article provides a comprehensive bibliography of decision support systems (DSS) applications, excluding proceedings papers and doctoral dissertations, from May 1988 through 1994. Compared to a previous survey, this survey has identified a number of notable changes in DSS application areas. A total of 271 DSS application articles are compiled and classified according to 15 different application areas. An annual count of notable changes in the DSS application areas. An annual count of DSS app...

This study examines whether there is a relationship between benefits and private sector unionization in the US. In their regression analysis, the authors use FRINGE in their as an explanatory variable. The dependent variable is UNIZ, the fraction of the private, non-farm labor force that is unionized. The changing nature of compensation has affected union density. In the private sector, as fringe benefits have become a more prominent component of workers' pay, ceteris paribus, union density has ...

No Summary.

April 1966

No Summary.

No Summary.

The demilitarized zone has been used frequently as a means to separate conflicting nations. Imposition of a buffer zone free from military activities is considered to be an effective first step to restore peace between hostile nations. The demilitarized zone is usually patrolled by third-party forces to discourage military hostilities. This paper deals with the problem of allocating the third-party supervisory forces in order to assure effective policing of demilitarized zones where there are mu...

Existing analyses of electricity deregulation have focused on situations where horizontal market power is present. This paper instead evaluates a market where a competitive outcome is more likely. Competitive market supply and demand curves for electricity have been simulated for a twenty-state region. These simulated supply and demand curves are used to predict short-run and long-run prices for electric power. Many consumers will see a drop in the portion of their electric bills accounted for b...

Abstract is not available

No Summary Available

No Summary

Examines strategies that a company could employ when contemplating developing its information systems to become a world-class organization (WCO). Definition of a world-class organization; Characteristics of company employees when it contemplates developing its information systems; Planning information systems development; Conclusion to study; Need for flexibility and strength in information technology.

Abstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for evaluating business-IT alignment. Specifically, the authors emphasize internal business-IT alignment between business and IS groups, which is a typical setting in recent boundary-less, networked business environments. Design/methodology/approach – Based on the previous studies, a socio-technical approach was developed to explain how the functional integration in the business-IT alignment process could be accomplished in ...

The University of Nebraska - Lincoln (UNL) has helped modernize business education infrastructure in Albania through multiyear funding from the United States Agency for International Development and Soros Foundation. An article reports several important initiatives for business education launched by UNL: (1) the first ever MBA and MPA (Master of Public Administration) programs in Albania at the University of Tirana; (2) training more than 5000 university faculty, entrepreneurs, and government of...

In the last 10 years, the telecommunications environment in Korea has changed dramatically. Korea now leads the world in several important market categories and it has become a successful model for other countries, even for developed countries. International Telecommunication Union (2002) noted today's telecommunications market as 'private, competitive, mobile, and global'. The Korean mobile communications service market has embraced a series of changes that have played an important role for nat...

No Summary

The genetic and developmental influences on leadership role occupancy were investigated using a sample of 178 fraternal and 214 identical female twins. Two general developmental factors were identified, one involving formal work experiences and the other a family experiences factor hypothesized to influence whether women move into positions of leadership in organizations. Results indicated that 32% of the variance in leadership role occupancy was associated with heritability. The 2 developmental...

Co-Authored by: Shaub, M.

No Summary Available

A persistent question in industrial economics is the underpinning of the link between market concentration and price. How much of the link can be attributed to market power and how much to market efficiency? This paper develops a theoretical model to address that question. Applied to the US portland cement industry, the model indicates that both impacts matter. In relative terms, however, the market power effect is twice as large as the efficiency effect. An implication for merger policy is that...

n/a

Although the importance of diversity in organizations is widely recognized, diversity training is under attack. Drawing from self-efficacy theory and research, we developed a questionnaire to measure one's efficacy of successfully coping with widely recognized diversity initiatives. Then we conducted a study examining the effect of self-efficacy-based diversity training on the level of participant's measured diversity self-efficacy (DSE) and the possible mediation of this DSE on intentions to pu...

Co-Authored by: Balke, Thomas E.

No Summary Available

Co-Author: Lewer, Joshua J.

This study is all empirical test of the hypothesis, suggested by Mazumdar (1996) and Lee (1995), that, ceteris paribus, a country that imports capital goods and exports consumption goods will grow faster than a country that exports capital goods and imports consumption goods. Using unpublished data acquired from the United Nations, a time-series variable is constructed that reflects the import crud export shares of capital goods relative to consumption goods. This...

Co-Author: Millea, Meghan

Economists have long been interested in the seemingly cooperative nature of Japanese industrial relations. It has been hypothesized that information sharing in the wage-setting process has been used to promote efficiency. But have Japanese employers really paid efficiency wages, that is, can productivity gains be linked to pay raises? Efforts to test for efficiency wage setting face the problem of sorting out the extent to which pay influences labor productivity and...

Do tipped servers in states with higher tipped minimum wages earn more, ceteris paribus, than servers elsewhere? Using 1999 data on waitpersons and bartenders, little evidence is found of a premium to servers in states with more generous minimum wages.

This paper examines the profitability of two futures trading strategies: a municipal bond futures contract strategy and a spread strategy consisting of a municipal bond futures contract and a Treasury bond futures contract. Both strategies are designed to exploit a slow municipal yield adjustment following changes in Treasury yields. We find economically significant profits to both strategies. Average holding period returns per trade for both strategies tend to increase with the magnitude of the...

The random walk behavior of nominal exchange rates using daily, weekly and monthly data and of real exchange rates using monthly data is investigated for seven major currencies and fails to be confirmed, but fails less frequently for the post-1979 period.

A common theme in the economic development literature has been that the growth in average annual real GDP per capita overstates the improvement in human welfare. The fundamental flaw of that measurement, however, is that it fails to measure the lifetime welfare of individuals--leading it to understate improvements in human welfare.

Forthcoming

This study recalculates output for Mexico for the 1961-90 sample period, controlling for transactional activities and nonmarket production. The authors find that GDP misstates Mexico's 'actual' economic growth. In the 1960s, the economy expanded more quickly than GDP suggests. But in the 1970s, growth was less than half that of the 1960s. The economy indeed slumped in the 1980s but not quite as terribly as the official figures indicate. Mexico's economy did not collapse suddenly in the early 198...

There may be a bi-directional relationship between wages and labor productivity. According to conventional theory, employers reward improvements in productivity by raising pay. It also has been argued that wage increases can provide an incentive to improve productivity. This study applies a technique by Geweke to identify the feedback between pay and productivity in U.S. manufacturing. For the 1949–1998 period, measures of directional feedback indicate that both “pay as reward” and “pay as incen...

Regional Science and Urban Economics 2000

Amitabh Chandra and Eric Thompson

We examine the relationship between large infrastructure spending, of the types implied by interstate highway construction, and the level of economic activity. By collecting historical data on interstate highway construction and economic activity in the United States at the county level we find that highways have a differential impact across industries: certain industries grow as a result of reduced transportation ...

Using a large data sample of 58,562 new municipal issues covering the period from 1984 to 2002, we examine whether the quality of advice provided by a financial advisor affects new issue interest costs. We find that higher quality financial advisors are associated with statistically significant decreases in new issue yields. The effect of advisor quality on yields is more pronounced for revenue, negotiated, and opaque bond issues than for general obligation and competitively sold issues. However...

Co-Author: Lewer, Joshua J.

This paper is an empirical test of the hypothesis suggested by Mazumdar (1996), namely, that the composition of trade determines the strength of the "engine of growth". Mazumdar suggested that, within the framework of the Solow model, the composition of trade affects the medium-run transition to the steady state. The composition of trade matters because the price of capital is affected by whether a country exports or imports capital goods. Using unpublished SITC d...

Spring 1962

March 1963

April 1963

The authors identify leading institutions and the most frequent contributors in the field of decision support systems [DSS] development research. Two hundred and three specific DSS were extracted from over 1100 English-language journals published world-wide in the last 18 years (1971-April 1988). From the bibliography, this survey identified 37 leading DSS development publishing institutions from the USA, Canada and European countries as well as 35 frequent contributors from academic institution...

Co-Authored By: H. Moshkovich and A. Mechitov

Undergraduate MIS curricula should reflect the popularity of e-commerce technologies in business practices. The study analyzes current trends of incorporating e-commerce content and skills into the undergraduate MIS curricula of AACSB accredited business schools. A definite trend to incorporate e-commerce knowledge and skills into the elective component of undergraduate MIS programs was found. Problems identified and possible solutions are discuss...

It is curious to find out how chief executive officers (CEOs) think of the Internet and e-business. Through an analysis of the homepages of CEOs of the Fortune e-50 companies, we attempted to evaluate the information value of the Websites. The analysis indicates that only a handful of CEOs can be currently regarded as the owners of informative homepages while most CEOs do not appear to be serious in building and maintaining their homepages.

Co-authored with Kam, H.J

The issue of privacy has stirred a tumultuous uproar when the ABC County Health Department (ABCCHD) was planning for an e-Healthcare system that utilized information technology to streamline the administration process of patients. ABCCHD had hired a software vendor, Info-Health, a company which specialized in information system development for the health care industry to help in the project. The privacy of patients with Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Human Immunity ...

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The author describes public education through the media and training for government officials and for journalists undertaken as part of economic reform efforts in the Republic of Georgia of the former Soviet Union. The article concludes with a discussion of the necessary conditions for success of these broad-based educational efforts.

The teaching of economics at the high school level is vital for increasing basic economic literacy. This assessment of high school economics in the United States covers seven topics: enrollments in courses; course content; the testing of students; achievement in economics courses; economics instruction in related courses; teacher preparation for economics instruction; and the contributions from organizations and economists. Significant improvements are found in the teaching, content, and testing...

Awarded the Cole Prize by the editors of Journal of Economic History as the best paper published in 1970.

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Co-authored by Mao. J. and Benbasat, I.

Expert support systems (ESSs) are increasingly used in organizations to support individuals and groups in decision making. Although ESSs have been shown to enhance the decision-making capabilities of individuals, their benefits in supporting group decision making are less clear. To the best of our knowledge, no empirical research has evaluated the effectiveness of the technology in the group setting or compared its usefulness for supporting individual v...

This study examines the effects of information technology (IT) knowledge and media selection on operational performance, measured by balanced scorecard, in small firms. Small firms generally lag behind medium and large companies in adopting and implementing computerization. This study is based on a survey of 698 small firms. The results show that: (1) individual IT knowledge and both traditional and electronic communication methods significantly contribute to the internal process performance of ...

Co-authored with Chan, H., Wei, K.

This paper describes a new generation scheduling paradigm, the Internet scheduling environment.It is formed by a group of Internet scheduling agents which share computational resources to solve scheduling problems in a distributed and collaborative manner.We propose a migration
scheme to transform existing standalone scheduling systems to Internet scheduling agents that can communicate with each other and solve problems beyond individual capabilities.T o co...

Through the 1970s and 1980s, the U.S. portland cement industry experienced a significant increase in average plant size and market concentration. A simultaneous equation model is developed to examine the effects of plant size and concentration on costs, prices and margins in that industry. The results indicate the presence of significant scale economies, but also show that prices and margins are increasing in concentration. Further analysis shows that almost one third of the cost savings associa...

Innovation is the key to survival.

Although the value of positivity has been assumed over the years, only recently has it become a major focus area for theory building, research, and application in psychology and now organizational behavior. This review article examines, in turn, selected representative positive traits (Big Five personality, core self-evaluations, and character strengths and virtues), positive state- like psychological resource capacities (efficacy, hope, optimism, resiliency, and psychological capital), positive...

Although the value of positivity has been assumed over the years, only recently has it become a major focus area for theory building, research, and application in psychology and now organizational behavior. This review article examines, in turn, selected representative positive traits (Big Five personality, core self-evaluations, and character strengths and virtues), positive state-like psychological resource capacities (efficacy, hope, optimism, resiliency, and psychological capital), positive ...

Co-authored by H. Sheng

E-government, usage of the Internet to provide governmental information and services, has brought significant benefits. Mobile devices usage and mobile internet access are increasing even faster than the wired ICT. Thus, potential benefits of wireless and mobile technologies for governmental services and operations are tremendous and unquestionable. The U.S. and other countries’ governments have just started to exploit these unique opportunities of m-technologies to im...

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementations in multinational manufacturing companies have experienced various degrees of success. This article investigates factors influencing the success of ERP implementations in multinational manufacturing companies in the Malaysian Free Trade Zone. The results indicate that enterprise-wide communication and a project management program are key factors influencing the success of ERP implementations, while other factors such as top management support as ...

A dynamic labor market model is used to motivate the inclusion of population characteristics and industrial structure as determinants of regional employment instability. We examine how these factors influence regional employment instability using data from both metropolitan and nonmetropolitan regions in the United States. We find that population characteristics are important determinants of employment volatility and that increased industrial specialization (reduced diversification) increases em...

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The competitive business environment places tremendous pressure on global companies.

Co-authored by Long, Y. and Zhu, Z.

A teaching case is presented.

Abstract is not available

Service industries have grown significantly in recent years, especially in the advanced economies. The applicability of the Toyota system for manufacturing excellence to other industries has been widely studied. This paper seeks to contribute to this growing body of research by exploring the applications of the Toyota approach, particularly the lean system in the service sector. The paper examines the information systems that have enabled benefit in the service industries, to include vendor-mana...

Co-Authored By: S.M. Lee, S.-H. Lee, T. Hwang & M. Shin

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on the performance of service businesses. For this purpose, we analyzed the data from the owners of Japanese food restaurants. The results of this study suggest: (1) the owner’s personal attributes have a strong influence on the performance of small- and medium-sized service businesses and (2) most EO dimensions have a positive impact on the service firm’s performance. These findings emphasize the importan...

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This article reports the results of a survey of Chief Information Officers (CIOs) from Fortune 1000 companies on their perceptions of the critical success factors in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation. Through a review of the literature, 11 critical success factors were identified, with underlying sub-factors, for successful ERP implementation. The degree of criticality of each of these factors was assessed in a survey administered to the CIOs. The 5 most critical factors identifi...

Co-Authored by: Dalton, Dan and Hill, John W.

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Co-Authored by: Snow, Arthur
We develop a perfect foresight, overlapping generations model with intragenerational inequality and endogenous human and physical capital investment, and we calculate welfare costs for marginal reforms of taxation and public spending. Welfare costs are uniformly lower than in the equivalent static model where human and physical capital are fixed. Most of the upward bias in static estimates arises from fixed human capital because welfare cost is predominantly tax leak...

Both state regulators and local operating companies are increasingly likely to have to estimate forward-looking loop costs for telephone service. The task can be difficult however, as few models exist, and those that do are unwieldy. New models can be developed, but this is an expensive and time-consuming proposition. Furthermore, if a company proposes a new model, regulators have few tools available to validate the model. We posit a simple, straight-forward technique that can be used either as ...

As a social institution, religion directly influences economic behavior, including trade. Religious culture also impacts trade indirectly because it is part of a society's overall culture, which in turn influences many other formal and informal institutions that also directly influence economic activity. Finally, religious cultures support trade networks. Applying panel data for 84 countries for the years 1995–2000 to an augmented gravity model that distinguishes between the direct institutional...

Co-Authored by: Shaub, M.

No Summary Available

Co-Authored by: Shaub, M.

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Group Support Systems (GSSs) have emerged as a new type of information systems to aid group decision-making.

Outsourcing has evolved as a viable means to attain cost savings in organizational information technology. This option, however, involves significant risks. This paper discusses why formal cost evaluation models are difficult to apply in this decision, and demonstrates how multi-criteria methods can be used to support this critical decision.

Co-Authored by: Kinney, M.

No Summary Available

Republished by M.E. Sharpe Inc. in books of readings.

We examine the impact of the 2003 dividend tax cut, which removes the differential taxation between dividends and capital gains for individual investors, on the ex–dividend day price and trading volume. We find the ex–dividend day price and volume are affected by taxes, risk, and transaction costs. The ex–dividend day price drop ratio (excess return) increases (decreases) and dividend clienteles weaken after the tax cut. Ex–dividend day abnormal volume among high dividend yield stocks decreases ...

While 2-1-1 systems are being planned and implemented across the United Staes, policymakers and other stakeholders must weigh the costs of implementation against the perceived benefits. How do proponents of 2-1-1 systems present the benefits of their systems? This article will address two issues: examining the variety of ways that 2-1-1 systems benefit their communities and suggesting methods to measure those benefits.

Co-Authored with: Philip Hersch and Jeffry Netter

This paper estimates the determinants of the contributions made by top executives to their firm’s Political Action Committee (PAC). We find that executive’s personal PAC contributions (proxy for the interest of the firm) are positively related to their shareholdings, income and option holdings (proxies for the interests of the executive). Contributions are also higher for CEOs and board members. This is direct evidence that the structure of th...

Co-Author: Martin, Dolores Tremawan

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This paper provides a comprehensive bibliography of the application of expert systems (ES) in business areas from 1975 through 1989. Initial compilation of ES application was based on the references of major ES and other related textbooks. From 1984 to 1989 the most important source of information has been the Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) version of ABI/INFORM database by University Microfilm International (UMI)/Data courier. One hundred and ninety-seven application articles are classi...

Co-Authored by: Ibrahim, Izani Feder formulated the first model with an explicit mechanism connecting international trade and economic growth. We present new econometric estimates of this unique model for 30 developing countries studied by Feder. We replicate Feder's 1964v-v73 cross-section estimates for 1974v-v83 and 1984v-v93 and find that the export variables lose significance and that the model has less explanatory power overall. We also try to improve on time-series estimates by Ram and fin...

Previous studies of factor price equalization have generated mixed results. It is argued that the success often results from the fact that labor-cost time-series are nonstationary and, hence, traditional OLS models are misspecified. In this paper, the cointegration approach is utilized to test for the existence of a long-run relationship between factor prices. It is shown that indices of labor cost per unit of manufacturing output for six major industrialized nations are indeed cointegrated. The...

In the current climate, the importance of the role played by entrepreneurship as a palpable reality that enables economic growth at a macroeconomic level, and as a factor that favours the progress of companies at a microeconomic level, has made it the subject of continual analyses from many different perspectives and in a variety of contexts by researchers from around the world. In this study, Spanish entrepreneurial firms in the service sector are analysed in order to determine the factors that...

Co-authored with Katerattanakul, P.

Personal web portfolios have become a popular information source and an effective means for individuals to present themselves to others in the cyberspace. Quality of personal web portfolios is, therefore, critical and affects the perception that others have of the individuals. What are the important factors affecting quality of personal web portfolios? But how do we measure quality of personal web portfolios? This study presents the development of an i...

Co-Authored by: Moore, Walter B.

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This study is intended to identify factors, which influence suppliers’ participation in the private electronic market (PEM). The results of this study show that many suppliers do not recognize the potential benefits that PEM could offer and they do not believe their off-line relationships with a buyer could be transferred to on-line. Thus, buyers need to convince their suppliers that PEM is not just a price based marketplace but instead a business model where mutual benefits can be achieved base...

With Kyung Lee and James Schmidt

December 1970

No Summary.

Previous studies interpret the unidirectional Granger causality from wholesale to consumer prices as evidence that final goods prices respond to exogenous cost-push factors in the primary goods sector. This paper presents a simple model that demonstrates this Granger causal pattern is also consistent with perfectly flexible prices and strong demand elements. Using the recursive structure of this model as a maintained hypothesis in estimation, the authors find negligible permanent feedback from w...

This paper generalizes the first differencing test proposed by C. I. Plosser, G. W. Schwert, and H. White to the case of finite one-sided polynomial filters. The authors demonstrate that the filtering test is asymptotically equivalent to a Hausman-Wu test. This provides a computationally simple way of performing the test and analyzing the test's power. The authors show that the choice of lag weights is nontrivial for filters of order greater than one. By examining the optimal choice of filter, t...

Co-Authored by: Jirasakuldech, Benjamas

The paper examines if a country's financial disclosure system affects the likelihood of speculative bubbles. We compare stock returns of eight countries that differ in the quality of their disclosure systems as ranked by Saudagaran and Biddle (1992). We examine the hypothesis that stock prices of firms in countries with a low level of financial disclosure are more prone to speculative bubbles. We employ the duration dependence model developed by McQueen...

Co-Authored by: Stara, Nancy

No Summary Available

Abstract is not available.

Co-Authored by: Al-Darayseh, Musa and Balke, Tom

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Research has often focused on how foreign direct investment (FDI) transfers technology from developed economies to less developed economies. Most FDI occurs between developed economies, however, and the country receiving the greatest inflow of FDI is the United States. This paper examines whether such FDI inflows have stimulated growth of the U.S. economy. We apply time-series data to a simultaneous-equation model (SEM) that explicitly captures the bi-directional relationship between FDI and U.S...

Co-Authored by: Vendrzyk, V.

No Summary Available

January 1965

February 1965

Human blood is perishable. Therefore it must be systematically redistributed to hospital blood banks where it will have a high probability of transfusion. Ideally this redistribution, referred to as blood rotation, should be performed in such a manner as to minimize the outdating and improve the quality of blood while keeping the frequency of blood shortages and regional operating costs at reasonable levels. Priorities for attaining these multiple objectives are different in every blood region. ...

Industrial development is a complex process that varies among countries, reflecting differences in their social structures and goals, population patterns, natural resource endowments and capital formation. Previous studies indicate that the newly industrializing countries' (NICs) exports have concentrated on specific products in which the NICs have a comparative advantage over other countries. Therefore, one of the critical issues in industrial development is selection of industries which would ...

Authors: Grunhagen, Marko and Robert Mittelstaedt
The focus of this article is on the emergence and development of multi-unit franchising in the United States from the franchisee perspective. After an historical summary of the development from a marketing viewpoint, a typology of different franchisee types is provided and the "multi-unit franchising paradox" is presented. The article offers a discussion of the reasons why individuals might be enticed to become multi-unit franchisees. An emphasi...

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Co-Authored by: Quirin, J.

No Summary Available

Co-Authors: Barron, John M.,and Loewenstein, Mark A.

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Co-Author: Loewenstein, Mark A.

How does government regulation influence the structure of industries? In the coal mining industry, increased safety can be provided with personal protection devices or with engineering controls; but the type of safety standard imposed is important because larger producers have a comparative advantage complying with engineering controls. Time series evidence indicates that controls, drove out smaller, less safe mines, thereby shifting production toward larger m...

Co-Authored By: Johnson, M., Shipley, M.,
& Yankov, N.

Eastern European countries have undergone a transition from centralized economic planning to more open economic systems. Hard data based upon past experience are inappropriate for decision making in this radically changed environment. A team of Bulgarian and U.S. researchers utilized system dynamics simulation to model the microeconomic environment of a Bulgarian winery expanding into regional and international markets. Expert opinio...

The importance of increased levels of education in improving the status of women throughout the world is well established. Higher levels of education are associated with lower birth rates, higher incomes, and greater autonomy for women. In fact, it has been argued that education is a fundamental prerequisite for empowering women in all spheres of society (Lopez-Claros and Zahidi 2005: 5). In the last third of the twentieth century, women have made particularly significant strides in many count...

The golf industry is currently undergoing a "churning effect" whereby players are leaving nearly as quickly as they enter; this effect is especially prevalent among women. We examine interviews from male and female golf professionals, as well as transcripts from interviews with female participants of various playing levels and experience, in order to determine the reasons women not only leave golf, but more importantly, why they stay. Our data indicate that once golfers have become hooked on the...

In recent years Japanese universities have been under pressure to internationalize their curricula and make undergraduate studies more cross-disciplinary. Many "reforms" have involved simple adjustments to existing programs; only a few institutions have gone so far as to develop entirely new programs of study. Senshu University, a leading private university in Tokyo, has undertaken a bold commitment to use economics as a foundation for integrated global studies. Senshu's experience suggests that...

Goal programming is a decision making tool that is useful when a manager must weigh multiple, conflicting objectives in arriving at a plan of action. In this paper Professor Lee presents the goal programming technique and applies it to a practical example. A brief literature survey, devoted to the wide range of problems that have been solved using goal programming, is included.

There are few analytical and managerial tools available to assist the small business decision maker. This paper presents a practical goal programming model which can be easily generalized to fit the planning needs of most small businesses. Specifically the model explicitly considers the multiple goals and priorities of the owner-manager and determines if these goals can be accomplished under various demand projections. An illustrative example of the use of this model with a small fast-food busin...

The existence of conflicting organizational goals is a real world problem for most marketing organizations. Yet traditional quantitative techniques, such as linear programming, cannot handle multiple goals in multiple dimensions. This article illustrates how an important new technique, goal programming, can be used to determine the extent to which conflicting goals may be realized simultaneously.

Abstract is not available.

This paper presents a goal programming model that is capable of helping the investor to select efficient portfolio that satisfies his spectrum of investment desires. Goal programming is a powerful tool that draws upon the highly developed and tested technique of linear programming. GP has the added dimension of providing simultaneous solution to a complex system of competing objectives. This paper is divided into our major sections. Considerations in selecting efficient portfolios are discussed ...

Goal programming has proven a valuable mathematical programming form in a number of venues.
There has been a similar rapid growth in interest in data mining, where a variety of different data types
are encountered. This paper applies goal programming formulations to compare relative performance
of L|, L2, and L^ norms as well as ordinal and ratio data types in a dynamic predictive environment.
The models are applied to compare relative accuracy and stability in forecasting a professional athleti...

Lot size and setup time reduction for the just-in-time (JIT) system have been studied extensively using different EOQ model approaches. However, the decision making process for lot size and setup time reduction under JIT usually involves mixed model production and multiple conflicting objectives. Thus, goal programming (GP) is an ideal tool for this decision problem. This paper deals with the problem of fabricating different models of the same general product on one production line. It also disc...

The paper asserts that the main disadvantage of most mathematical models is that they make decisions that managers do not want to adopt. It gives a mathematical model that allows management to participate in the decision process

This paper develops a simple model of student choice to explain why some teaching innovations have only a negligible effect on mean student performance. Teaching innovations are defined as small changes in pedagogy that enable students to more quickly convert time to knowledge. In modeling student behavior it is assumed that some students are more interested in their level of performance or in minimizing their effort than in mastering a subject. The model demonstrates that if students set grade ...

No Summary.

Despite the popularity of brainstorming, research has shown that verbal brainstorming is not always effective in increasing group creativity.

Although group decision making (GDM) is an important research field in social psychology, group decision support systems (GDSS) only recently emerged as a field in the decision support systems (DSS) area. This paper analyses the different types of organizational conflict and suggests the use of GDSS as an essential tool for resolving these conflicts. The role of computer-based information systems (CBIS) has evolved from focusing on data (transaction processing systems) and information (managemen...

July 1987, abridged versions of "Group Property and Liability Insurance as an Employee Benefit"

Published Proceedings
International Society of Certified Employee Benefit Specialists, 1986.

The liquidity effect of money shocks on the short-term interest rate has been an integral part of traditional macroeconomic policies and has witnessed renewed interest in recent years. The paper reports, contrary to some previous work, extensive evidence of the effect in several non-G7 countries using the single-equation distributed-lag GARCH(p, q) estimation and the systems VAR estimation. The liquidity effect is shown to be alive and well in a sample of nine countries and this will shed much l...

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Co-authored by Sid Davis

This article outlines a number of important research issues in human-computer interaction in the e-commerce environment. It highlights some of the challenges faced by users in browsing Web sites and conducting searches for information, and suggests several areas of research for promoting ease of navigation and search. Also, it discusses the importance of trust in the online environment, describing some of the antecedents and consequences of trust, and provides guideli...

Authored by Siau, K.

The health care industry is currently experiencing a fundamental change. Health care organizations are reorganizing their processes to reduce costs, be more competitive, and provide better and more personalized customer care. This new business strategy requires health care organizations to implement new technologies, such as Internet applications, enterprise systems, and mobile technologies in order to achieve their desired business changes. This article offers a conceptu...

June 1985

Forensic economists debate whether it is most appropriate to estimate future net discount rates using either historical averages or the current rate. We develop an efficient estimator based on the time series properties of the net discount rate and the horizon over which net discount rates are to be forecasted. The efficient estimator optimally combines the two standard approaches. Benchmark comparisons suggest that our estimator is at least twice as efficient as either the historical average or...

Jensen, Susan M., Co-Author

Abstract
Through the years, and especially in today’s uncertain and even threatening environment facing organizations, everyone talks about hope. Drawing from hope theory as used in the emerging positive psychology and positive organizational behavior movement, this article for the first time examines the role that hope may play in effective human resource development (HRD). Hope is first conceptually defined as being both dispositional, trait-like and, importan...

The effect of mortgage interest and local property tax deductions upon single-family housing demand in the U.S. is examined for the 1994-2003 period. A multi-equation model is developed to simulate the impacts from partial and complete elimination of the deductions. The results indicate that the deductions have moderate effects on housing demand. Complete elimination of the deductions could result in as much as a 12 percent decline in the annual number of single-family housing units that are ...

The effect of mortgage interest and local property tax deductions upon single-family housing demand in the U.S. is examined for the 1994-2003 period. A multi-equation model is developed to simulate the impacts from partial and complete elimination of the deductions. The results indicate that the deductions have moderate effects on housing demand. Complete elimination of the deductions could result in as much as a 12 percent decline in the annual number of single-family housing units that are pur...

Co-authored with Kathy Farrell and Phil Hersch

This paper examines outside director compensation for a sample of 237 Fortune 500 firms over the 1998-2004 period. We document a trend towards fixed-value equity compensation and away from cash only and fixed-number equity compensation. Adjustments to director compensation are consistent with firms targeting a market level of compensation, and firms that deviate from their market wage symmetrically adjust compensation back toward the market lev...

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Co-Authored by: Wallace, Wanda

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Co-Authored By B. Patrakasol

Many studies have observed that close interfirm collaborations have positive effects on a firm's innovation. Yet, they have not shown how the collaboration contributes to this process. Higher innovation rates could be a result of revolutionary improvements, evolutionary improvements, or both. We investigated changes in the innovation process. Longitudinal data from 23 top IT firms across 9 years were collected and analyzed. Results suggested that close interfirm ...

Co-Authored by: Lewer, Joshua

The estimated static welfare gains from international trade are very small, on the order of one percent of GDP. The case for free trade is therefore increasingly linked to trade's apparent positive effects on economic growth. But how large are these growth effects? The vast empirical literature has emphasized the statistical significance, not the economic significance, of the trade-growth relationship. This survey's re-examination of the empirical literature foc...

Developed an efficient net discount rate estimator based on optimally combining current and past rates. They also proposed a compromise estimator that equally weights the long term average and random walk estimators. In this paper we extend that analysis by developing analytic and bootstrap confidence intervals for the current, long-term average, optimal and compromise estimators. 50-percent boundaries vary by estimator and by forecast horizon. However, in almost all cases, the boundaries are wi...

Co-Authored by: Balke, Thomas E.

No Summary Available

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Co-Authored by: Youssef, Carolyn M.

There is growing evidence that human
resources are crucial to organizational
success, and may offer the best return on
investment for sustainable competitive
advantage. Jeffery Pfeffer’s extensive work,
summarized in his book The Human Equation,
discusses substantially supported but
unfortunate findings that only about half of
today’s organizations and their managers
believe that human resources really do matter.
Moreover, only half of those orga...